there are many dimensions to the japanese bath apart from the personal aspect, the procedure, its design and size.

there's also the conserving of energy and water. once filled, insulation will minimise consumption, and in a large household, everyone takes their separate bath in the same tub of clean water, reducing consumption in due proportion. a hot bath every night becomes economical.

there's the opportunity to recycle - copious quantities of clean water for the laundry or garden. and there's the therapeutic benefits, dependent on the temperature, immersion time, special additives and massage techniques.

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